• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A fixing device in the shape of an outer clamping sleeve member (2, 7, 14, 18, 26, 28) with an internal thread, and an inner clamping sleeve member (3, 8, 13, 16, 24, 29) with an external thread, said clamping sleeve members being mutually rotatable. One or both clamping sleeve members may be provided with an axial through slot (19, 20, 21, 25, 30, 31) or may have mutually parallel, axially extending and partly overlapping slots (13). The threads of said clamping sleeve members may have a cylindrical or a conical shape. A central sleeve (6) may, if desired, be provided between said outer and inner clamping sleeve members for cooperation with them. If the wrench holds of said fixing device are designed as teeth and slots, a complementary securing tool (33, 34; 36, 37) may be inserted to engage said teeth and slots for mutual turning said clamping sleeve members. Utilization, e.g. to mount a shaft (5) in a wheel-hub (4), to connect pipe ends (11, 12), or as a non-threaded nut.
    公开号:SU1718732A3
    申请号:SU894613471
    申请日:1989-01-26
    公开日:1992-03-07
    发明作者:Колверейд Харальд
    申请人:Kolvereid Harald；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2
    S
    reliability of fixing and tightening the fixing device; The device contains an outer sleeve 1 with an internal thread and a key wrench 2 and an internal sleeve 3 with an external thread and a wrench 4. To fix the hub of the part on the shaft 5, the sleeve 1 is placed in the hub 6, then the sleeve 3 is screwed into the sleeve 1, winding the shaft 5 into the internal sleeve, adjust the position of the hub and produce the final tightening of the joint. The device may contain an intermediate sleeve with internal and external threads that is installed between the internal and external bushings. Turnkey clamps can be made in the form of an end row of alternating teeth and grooves. The device can be used to connect the ends of two
    pipes, while the outer sleeve is made thick-walled, and the inner thin-walled with sealing rollers or rings on the inner surface. The device can also be used to attach a nut to a threaded bolt. In this case, a tapered thread is made on the inner sleeve with the winding opposite to the winding of the cylindrical thread. The tool for tightening the device is a rod with a thinned end. The end of the rod is installed in the grooves of the turnkey grips of two sleeves, which are located one above the other with some displacement. Rotation of the rod leads to fixation of the device. 9 s. and 2 z. p. f-ly, 1.9 il.
    The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular, to fixing devices of parts on shafts and to tools for fastening them.
    The purpose of the invention is the development of a large radial and small axial component forces, the creation of a radial two-way and axial locking of the shaft-bushing due to friction forces, reliable fixation and tightening of the fixing device.
    Figure 1 shows the outer and inner sleeve of the clamping coupling mounted in the hub and on the shaft, respectively, in figure 2
    the same, in the coupled state, mounted on the shaft; fig.Z - the same, with an intermediate sleeve; 4 is the same in the assembled state, mounted on the shaft; 5 is the same, with turnkey grippers in the form of alternating end teeth and grooves; figure 6 is the same in the collection; figure 7 - section aa of figure 6; Figure 8 shows a clamping sleeve for connecting two pipe ends / variant; figure 9 is the same in the collection; in fig. ten
    the same with tapered threads; figure 11 is the same in the collection; 12 shows a nut with outer and inner bushings for use on a threadless bolt; in fig. 13 and 14 - the same, before and after the puff; Fig. 15 is a means of disconnecting heavy couplings with a heavy mode of operation; Figures 16 and 17 show the position of the clamping tool before and after tightening the clamping clutch; on Fig - installation fixing tool; on Fig - locking tool.
    The fastening device contains (Figures 1-4) an outer sleeve 1 with an internal thread and a key wrench 2 and an internal sleeve 3 with an external thread and a key wrench 4. The sleeve 3 is mounted on the shaft 5, and the sleeve 1 in the hub 6 covering parts like wheels. Sleeves 3 and 1 are made respectively with axial
    through slots 7 and 8, ensuring their flexibility in the radial direction. The thread profile of the sleeves is made sawtooth with a slope of the back face of the tooth less steep than the slope of the front of its tooth. Such a thread profile provides (when the sleeves come together and are screwed all the way to the stop, followed by tightening) instead of a large axial and small radial component forces, in the case of a standard thread, a large radial and minor axial components. An intermediate sleeve 9 can be used with a turnkey clamp 10 with a thread made on the external and internal surfaces of the sleeve 9 (Fig. 3).
    To fasten the hub 6 of the part on the shaft 5 (FIG. 2), the outer clamping sleeve 1 is installed in the hub 6 and, leading the inner clamping sleeve 3 to the outer one, screw it into the sleeve 1 against the stop.
    Then the shaft 5 is inserted into the sleeve 3 and the hub 6 is set to the desired position. After that, the sleeve 3 is continued to be screwed into the sleeve 1, while the external sleeve 1 expands due to the presence of the groove 8.
    until it is pressed against the hub 6, and the inner sleeve 3, due to the presence of the groove 7, is compressed, gripping the shaft 5. The growing mutual pressure secures the hub of the part to the shaft.
    for keys 2 and 4 sleeves are located on different sides from hub 6. Bushings 11 and
    12 can be made with axial grooves
    13 and positioned so that their grips are under
    the keys 14 and 15 are located on one side of the hub 6 (FIGS. 3 and 4). The intermediate sleeve 9 is introduced into engagement with the outer 11 and inner 12 sleeves by interacting its thread with the thread of the sleeves. In this case, the turnkey grip of the intermediate sleeve 1.0 is installed from the side of the hub 6, opposite to the position of the grippers for keys 14 and 15 of the sleeves.
    The traditional design of turnkey grippers has some drawbacks in terms of fastening. In the proposed design capture turnkey (figure 5-7). The outer 16 and inner 17 sleeves have axial grooves 18 and 19, respectively, and from the end they are made with gripping teeth 20 and 21, respectively, alternating with grooves 22 and 23. The sleeves may have the same or different number of teeth, which depends on the difference in their diameters. If necessary, the sleeves withstand relative to each other, in addition to the locking (closing) action due to the frictional forces, the pin 24 can be installed into the grooves of the sleeves located one above the other.
    When using a fixing device for connecting the pipe ends 25 and 26 (figs. 8 and 9), the outer sleeve 27 is made solid, thick-walled with a turnkey key 28. The internal sleeve 29 is also made solid, thin-walled, with a turn-key key 30. On the inside the surfaces of the sleeve 29 perform sealing rollers or rings 31. When the outer sleeve is screwed onto the internal one, the latter will be tightly compressed at the ends of the pipes. In this case, the sealing rollers or rings 31 slightly deform the pipes 25 and 26, providing additional mutual adhesion. This type of compound is also suitable for the preparation of high pressure compounds. In the case of clamping sleeves on pipes of relatively soft material, for example plastic or copper, clamp sleeve 29 can be made of the same material as the pipe, and outer sleeve 27 is made of a more durable material. Compounds of this type will be suitable for low pressure pipes, such as water pipes and the like.
    The sleeves 32 and 33 may have a thread, made respectively on the conical outer surface of the inner sleeve and in the hole-outer sleeve (figure 10 and 11). The inner sleeve is made with several rows of parallel axial intersecting grooves 34. In this case, the thread is wound opposite to the winding of the cylindrical thread (Fig. 8). This is done so that the outer sleeve can be
    it was thrust on the double cone formed by the conical surface of the inner sleeve and the angle of the profile and thread, which ensures a tight fit. When choosing a thread winding similar to winding a cylindrical thread, the cone in the thread can be used to perceive tolerances, and the angle of the conical surface a will provide clamping forces. We obtain a tight joint capable of withstanding high mechanical loads in the form of vibration and water hammer in pipes.
    The device may be used as a threadless nut (Fig.12-14). In the interior, the sleeve makes the bone thin and with an axial through groove, and the outer one - solid and thick-walled. The threaded surface of the inner sleeve is made conic. and the threaded surface of the outer sleeve - the response. When the device is mounted on a threadless bolt 35, the outer sleeve is tightened relative to the inner one, while the cone of the sawtooth thread and the cone of the surface of the inner sleeve create a clamping force acting on the bolt. An additional tightening will cause the outer sleeve to protrude above the inner distance Dx (Fig. 14). The said effect can be used simultaneously both for fastening the device and for creating a force to press it against the stop. Parts of the fixing device are made of steel and other materials, for example brass, plastic, depending on the application and on the available forces.
    FIG. 15 illustrates the possibility of separating the powerful clamping sleeves by injecting pressurized oil into the grooves 36 on the threads of one or both bushings, the grooves communicating with axially passing oil inlets under pressure in said at least one sleeve.
    The tool for tightening the clamping device (FIGS. 16 and 17) is made in the form of strings 37 with thinning at the end.
    The use of the tool is as follows. To fasten the hub 6 of the part on the shaft 5, first, the sleeve 16 is installed in the hub 6, then the sleeve 17 is screwed in and all devices are put on the shaft 5, then the sleeve is screwed to the stop, while the key clamps made at the ends of the sleeves are in the form of rows of grooves 22 and 23 and the teeth 20 and 21 are located on one side of the hub (FIG. 6). After adjusting the position of the hub 6, the final tightening of the joint is performed with this tool as follows. FIG. 15 and 16 in capital letters denote the grooves in the outer sleeve 16, and in capital letters the grooves in the inner sleeve 17. The grooves A are located one above the other, and the openings B, b are somewhat displaced relative to each other. Position B, b is the starting point for inserting the thinned end of the rod 37. When applied to the rod 3 (Fig. 16), the slots B, b will align, and the grooves C will become the next point for the installation of the bar 37 and so on. d. After completing seven such operations, the hole b will align with the hole A and the outer sleeve 16 will be rotated relative to the inside sleeve 17 by an angle corresponding to the arc ab. These operations are performed until the required torque is provided. By supplying the rod 37 with a torque indicator, it is possible to fully control the tightening operation.
    Instead of the rod 37, end wrenches 38 and 39 can be used (Fig. 18). Another variant of the tool for tightening are two mounted, coaxially and with the possibility of relative rotation of the nut heads, made in the form of an external end head 40 with a turnkey wrench 41 and an internal end head 42 with a turn wrench 43 (Fig. 19). The ends of the sleeves are made in the form of a series of teeth 14 and 45, respectively, intended for insertion into the grooves 22 and 23 of the sleeves 16 and 17.
    Using ordinary socket wrenches or mechanized, hydraulic, electric, or pneumatic wrenches that can be put in engagement with the grippers 41 and 43, the connection can be tightened. Captures under the keys 41 and 43 can be made of the same size.
    The proposed tool can be used for fastening the hubs of the track, and the coupling half on the shafts, connecting the shafts, connecting pipes made of steel, other metals, plastics, etc. The coupling sleeves can be massive, but with different strengths, if they are not equipped with the specified axial grooves.
    Thus, the proposed fixing devices simplify the installation of the wheel on the shaft, since the roughing of the shaft and the holes in the wheel hub will suffice, the tolerance requirements will be moderate, and the roughness of the contact surfaces will contribute to better gripping ability. The assembly operations are simple and can be performed directly on
    the location of the equipment. The proposed locking devices require little space both in the radial and axial directions. If necessary, the coupling can be tightened only on one side of the wheel hub. In addition, a wheel mounted on a shaft using these locking devices will slip freely when a shock load is applied to the shaft in the direction of rotation. A shock in the other direction will cause the wheel to slip on the shaft more tightly or will cause the shaft to break.
    Through the use of turnkey grippers (Figures 5 and 6) and fastening tools (Figs. 16, 18 and 19), the torque applied by the tool used is evenly distributed, and the teeth on the bushings allow one to lock the bushing relative to the other. prevent unintentional relative rotation between them. If the number of teeth on the inner and outer bushings is different, then the locking can be ensured by very little adjustment of the tightening torque.
    F o rm u l a i z o brie n i-
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A fastening device for connecting the shaft to the sleeve comprising an external clamping sleeve with an internal thread and an internal clamping sleeve with an external thread, the clamping sleeves having a cylindrical shape, mounted coaxially and mutually twisted, characterized by the development of a large radial and small axial component forces, creating a radial two-sided and axial blocking of the shaft-bushing due to friction forces, the thread profile is made saw-tooth with the inclination of the back edge of the tooth less steep than the inclination of the front er edges, and the sleeves are made from at least one axial through-slot and captures is completed, disposed on opposite sides of locking device.
    [2]
    2. The fastening device according to claim 1, about t-l and due to the fact that, in order to ensure the possibility of free slip of the sleeve under shock loads, regardless of the direction of rotation, the device is equipped with an intermediate sleeve with a hook key external and internal threads and installed between the outer and inner clamping sleeves, while the threads of the intermediate sleeve interact with the threads of the said sleeves, and the turnkey grippers of the latter are located on one side of the fixing device with
    the opposite side of the grip key intermediate sleeve.
    [3]
    3. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to lock the sleeves one relatively other, the key clamps of the clamping sleeves are made in the form of alternating grooves and teeth
    and placed on one side of the gripping device, and a locking pin is installed in the adjacent grooves of the said bushings.
    [4]
    4. A fastening device for locking two elements of a circular cross section, for example, two pipe ends, characterized in that, in order to securely fix and provide a large radial and small axial component forces, the device is made in the form of an external clamping sleeve with internal thread and internal clamping bushings with external threads, with key holders, the thread profile being made sawn-shaped with a slope of the front face, a large slope of the rear face.
    [5]
    5. The securing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, in order to ensure the tightness of the connection, the outer clamping sleeve is made thick-walled, and the inner one is thin-walled and
    with at least two sealing rings or grooves on the inner surface.
    [6]
    6. The fastening device according to claim 4, wherein the outer clamping sleeve is made with a tapered thread on the inner surface, and the inner clamping sleeve is made in response to the outer surface and several rows of grooves arranged parallel and axially overlapping.
    [7]
    7. Fastening device containing a nut and a threadless bolt with an emphasis,
    about tl and h and y. her with that. In order to fix the nut by creating an effort to press against the stop, the nut contains outer and inner clamping sleeves with turn-key grippers and tapered threads on the inner and outer surfaces, respectively, the outer sleeve being thick-walled and the inner one thin-walled.
    [8]
    8. The fastening device according to claim 7, wherein the inner clamping sleeve is made with an axial through groove and corrugations on the inner surface.
    [9]
    9. The fastening device according to claims 1, 4 and 7, that is, so that, in order to separate the powerful clamping sleeves by introducing oil under pressure, the threaded surface of at least one of the sleeves is made with a narrow groove connecting the axial oil inlets.
    [10]
    10. Fastening tool, characterized in that, in order to tighten the fastening device with turn-key grips in the form of alternating grooves and teeth, the tool is made in the form of a rod with a thinned end placed in adjacent grooves of the clamping device, and these grooves are offset from each other .
    11. The tool according to claim Y, characterized in that the tool contains two coaxial cap keys with ends in the form of alternating grooves and teeth corresponding to the grooves and teeth of the Fastening device, while the cap keys have turn-key grips for mutual twisting , and the specified ends are located on one side of the tool.
    Priority points: 05/27/87 on PP. 1-3.08.09.87 poppA-B, 03.12.87 according to claims 9-11.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
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    RU179124U1|2014-03-26|2018-04-26|Умзен Лтд.|NUT|GB190930570A|1909-01-12|1910-01-12|William Edward Lake|Improvements in and relating to Means for Attaching Machine and like Parts to Shafts.|
    US2434152A|1945-01-18|1948-01-06|Garrett Corp Aires Mfg Company|Holding device|
    US2461680A|1945-07-16|1949-02-15|Chrysler Corp|Wrench with threaded nut holding member|
    US2930642A|1957-07-10|1960-03-29|George H Howlett|Steel bar connector for reinforcing and stressing concrete|
    US3129038A|1962-02-08|1964-04-14|Torrington Co|Shaft mounting for roller bearing|
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    FR2495527B3|1980-12-08|1982-11-26|Aciers Outillages Equip Indls|
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    US4630690A|1985-07-12|1986-12-23|Dailey Petroleum Services Corp.|Spiralling tapered slip-on drill string stabilizer|GB8900171D0|1989-01-05|1989-03-01|Fenner Co Ltd J H|A threaded bush assembly for shaft mount|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO872219A|NO872219D0|1987-05-27|1987-05-27|Collet.|
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    NO873743A|NO873743D0|1987-09-08|1987-09-08|TENSION HOUSES.|
    NO875052A|NO875052L|1987-05-27|1987-12-03|MOUNTING DEVICE AND TOOL FOR TENSION OF THE SAME.|
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